There's some good info here regarding scouting. For me, during summer & early season, scouting is mostly about observing habitat, primarily nesting cover. Where I find good nesting/brood rearing cover, there's usually good winter cover, good loafing cover, & food nearby. Honestly, I don't care much whether there's water around. A lot of times there happens to be, but I don't believe pheasants need standing water to survive & propagate. Sometimes, particularly during the middle of a warm day, they like to hang out near water if they can find it, maybe to drink, but primarily to keep cool & peck around for little things to eat & grit for their gizzards. Plus, there's commonly great safety cover around ponds/sloughs. But I've just seen pheasants in too many places without water to think water is super critical. Plus, it's very common to have a SD winter with frozen ponds/sloughs & no snow for long periods of time, & pheasants do just fine. In fact, they benefit.
My most useful scouting probably occurs during winter, when there's snow on the ground. Early morning & mid/late afternoon, when they're out feeding. That's when it's easiest to see just exactly what areas have pheasants. Once you've found some, it's usually not too hard to figure out where they spend their day, where they roost, where they were hatched/raised, & where they're likely to be found on opening day next season. Sometimes it's a matter of marrying what you see during winter with what you see at other times, because some winters, snow can almost completely cover up nesting/light roosting cover. That's obviously an advantage of living an hour from your hunting areas, rather than 1,000 miles.